- Are unsaturated, therefore containing double or triple carbon bonds.
- General Formula: CnH2n and CnH2n-2.
- Naming rules similar to Alkanes.
- Endings -ene and -yne are used to name the parent chains in alkenes and alkynes.
Naming Alkenes and Alkynes
- Finds longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. Number the carbons by giving the multiple bond the lowest possible number.
- List and number alkyl groups. Add prefixes if necessary. List them alphabetically.
- Commas used to separate numbers and hyphens are used to separate numbers and letters.
Geometric Isomers
 |
| Cis- |
 |
| Trans- |
- Labels cis- and trans- are used to distinguish between them.
- Cis- same side
- Trans- across/opposite
Examples:
1-hexene
4-methyl-1-pentene
2,3-dimethyl-1-butene
2,3-dimethyl-2-butene
3-methyl-1-butyne
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